|
Maldive
Sovereigns from AD 1117
|
| |
Personal
name
|
Regnal
Name
|
Date
of accession
|
Date
of death/ abdication
|
|
|
1
|
Koimala |
Maanaabarana |
1117 |
1141 |
The legendary
ruler of the Lion Race from Ceylon. | details |
|
|
2
|
Dhovemi
|
Bavanaadheettha
|
1141
|
1166
|
Reigned as a Buddhist
until 1153 when he converted to Islam. Son of Henevi Maava Kilege,
sister of Koimalaa Siri Maanaabarana Maha Radun, the previous
Buddhist king. A member of the Homa (Lunar) Dynasty.
|
|
3
|
Muthey
|
Bavana Abaarana
|
1166
|
1185
|
mother’s sister’s son
of 2. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
4
|
Ali
|
Dhammaru Naaja
|
1184
|
1193
|
Son of Rekehiriya Mava
Kilege. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
5
|
Dhinei
|
Fennaadheettha
|
1193
|
1199
|
Son of Fathahiriya Mava Kilege. Lunar
Dynasty.
|
|
6
|
Dhihei
|
Dhagathaa Abaarana
|
1199
|
1214
|
Younger brother of 5. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
7
|
Wadi
|
Dhagathaa Suvara
|
1214
|
1233
|
Younger brother of 6. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
8
|
Valla Dio
|
Raa-Araa Desvara
|
1233
|
1258
|
Younger brother of 7. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
9
|
Hudhei
|
Raadha Suvara
|
1258
|
1264
|
Son of Hiriya Mava Kilege. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
10
|
Aima
|
Loka Suvara
|
1264
|
1266
|
son of Volumidi Bodu
Kilege of Fehendu and Bulhau (Cat) Kambaadhi Kilege. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
11
|
Hali
|
Singaa Abaarana
|
1266
|
1268
|
Son of Vengihi Kalo
of Kendu and Aidage Maava Kilege. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
12
|
Keimi
|
Madheenee Suvara
|
1268
|
1269
|
Son of Aidage Maava Kilege. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
13
|
Audha
|
Areedha Suvara
|
1269
|
1278
|
Son of 7. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
14
|
Hali
|
Areedha Suvara
|
1278
|
1288
|
Son of 13. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
15
|
Yoosuf
|
Bavanaadheettha
|
1288
|
1294
|
Younger brother of 14. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
16
|
Salis
|
Meesuvara
|
1293
|
1302
|
Son of 15. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
17
|
Davud
|
Sundhura Bavana
|
1302
|
1307
|
Son of 15. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
18
|
Omar Veeru
|
Loka Abaarana
|
1306
|
1341
|
Half brother through
mother of 16 and son of 16. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
19
|
Ahmed Shihabuddine
|
Loka Aadheettha
|
1341
|
1347
|
deposed and banished
by his elder sister Khadijah. Son of 18. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
20
|
Khadijah
|
Raadha Abaarana
|
1347
|
1363
|
deposed by her first
husband and minister. Daughter of 18. Lunar Dynasty.
|
|
21
|
Mohamed el-Jameel
|
Bavana Sooja
|
1363
|
1364
|
Assassinated by his
estranged wife Khadijah. He was nicknamed Handsome Mohamed.
|
|
22
|
Khadijah
|
Raadha Abaarana
|
1364
|
1374
|
Second accession. deposed
by her second husband and minister
|
|
23
|
Abdullah
|
Dhammaru Aadheettha
|
1374
|
1376
|
Assassinated by his estranged wife Khadijah
|
|
24
|
Khadijah
|
Raadha Abaarana
|
1376
|
1380
|
Third accession.
|
|
25
|
Raadhafathi
|
Suvama Abaarana
|
1379
|
1380
|
Deposed by her husband
and minister. Half sister of Khadijah and daughter of 18. Lunar
Dynasty.
|
|
26
|
Mohamed of Maakurathu
|
Sundhura Abaarana
|
1380
|
1385
|
Husband of 25. Son
of Kaeumani Kaulhanna Kilege.
|
|
27
|
Dhaain
|
Keerithi Maha Rehendi (no coronation)
|
1385
|
1388
|
Deposed by her husband.
Daughter of 26 but not of 25.
|
|
28
|
Abdullah
|
Suvama Abaarana
|
1388
|
1388
|
Husband of 27. Some
records call him a Regent (Henevi-rasge).
|
|
29
|
Osman of Fehendhu
|
Sundhura
|
1388
|
1388
|
Prime Minister to 25 and 27
|
|
30
|
Hassan
|
Bavana
|
1388
|
1398
|
Son of Golhaavahi Kambulo
(probably a Lunar dynasty lady) and Kulhiveri Hilaalu Kaeulhanna
Kaloge son of Muslim Abbas of Hulhule. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
31
|
Ibrahim
|
Dhammaru Veeru
|
1398
|
1398
|
Deposed by his uncle.
Son of 30. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
32
|
Hussain
|
Loka Veeru
|
1398
|
1409
|
Twin brother of 30.
Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
33
|
Nasiruddine
|
Veeru Abaarana
|
1409
|
1411
|
Probably a member of
the Lunar Dynasty, but oral tradition maintains he was a stowaway
youth from a ship from Chittagong (now in Bangladesh) who found
his way into the Prime Minister’s household. He introduced the
Islamic penal code for the first time. Until the 1960’s there
was a mosque called Amputation Mosque (Aiykandaa Miskit)
next to his mausoleum. The penal code lapsed with his reign.
|
|
34
|
Hassan
|
Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)
|
1411
|
1411
|
Drowned in a tank.
Son of Maayin Rannabandeyri Kilege. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
35
|
Isa
|
Bavana Sundhura
|
1411
|
1411
|
Younger brother of
34. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
36
|
Ibrahim
|
Dhammaru Veeru
|
1411
|
1421
|
Second accession
|
|
37
|
Osman
|
Dhammaru Loaka
|
1421
|
1421
|
Son of 29. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
38
|
Danna Mohamed
|
Raadha Bavana
|
1421
|
1421
|
Son of Yusuf Handeygirin,
Prime Minsiter to 29 and paternal uncle of 30 and 32. Hilaaly
Dynasty.
|
|
39
|
Yoosuf
|
Loka Aananadha
|
1421
|
1443
|
Son of 30. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
40
|
Aboobakuru
|
Bavana Sooja
|
1443
|
1443
|
Son of 30 and half
brother of 39. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
41
|
Hadi Hassan
|
Raadha Veeru
|
1443
|
1467
|
deposed by an Arab
while abroad. Son of 40 and Bulhau (Cat) Mava Kilege. Hilaaly
Dynasty.
|
|
42
|
Sayyid Mohamed
|
Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)
|
1467
|
1467
|
An Arab, allegedly
a descendant of the Prophet Mohamed. Deposed by Raadha Veeru Hadi
Hassan upon his return home.
|
|
43
|
Hadi Hassan
|
Raadha Veeru
|
1467
|
1468
|
Second accession
|
|
44
|
Mohamed
|
Bavana Abaarana
|
1468
|
1480
|
Son of 41/ 43 and Golararu
Golhavahi Sanfa Rani KIlege. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
45
|
Hassan
|
Raadha Loka
|
1480
|
1480
|
Deposed. Son of 44.
Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
46
|
Omar
|
Loka Sundhura
|
1480
|
1484
|
Son of 39.
Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
47
|
Hassan
|
Raadha Aanandha
|
1484
|
1485
|
Son of 46. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
48
|
Hassan
|
Raadha Loka
|
1485
|
1491
|
Second accession
|
|
49
|
Sheikh Hassan
|
Raadha Fanaveeru
|
1491
|
1492
|
Son of Kamba Dio daughter
of 40 and Talamedi Kilege.
Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
50
|
Ibrahim
|
Bavana Furasuddha
|
1492
|
1492
|
Son of 46 and Fatuma
Rani Kilege.
Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
51
|
Kalu Mohamed
|
Dhammaru Bavana
|
1492
|
1492
|
Deposed by his brother.
Son of 46 and Sitti Rani Kilege. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
52
|
Yoosuf
|
Veeru Aanandha
|
1492
|
1493
|
Son of 46 and Viru
Mava Kilege. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
53
|
Ali
|
Audha Veeru
|
1493-
|
1495
|
Deposed by Kalu Mohamed.
Son of Kamba Rani Kilege and Kaeulhanna Kilege son of Mafahaiy
Kilege son of 32. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
54
|
Kalu Mohamed
|
Dhammaru Bavana
|
1495
|
1510
|
Second accession. deposed
by his nephew
|
|
55
|
Hassan
|
Singa Veeeru
|
1510
|
1511
|
Son of 52 and Sanfa
Rani Kilege. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
56
|
Sharif Ahmed of Mecca
|
Suddha Bavana
|
1511
|
1513
|
An Arab, allegedly
a descendant of the prophet Mohamed
|
|
57
|
Ali
|
Aanandha
|
1513
|
1513
|
Killed in a duel with
his sister Burecca. Son of Mohamed Farhana Kalo and Recca daughter
of 40. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
58
|
Kalu Mohamed
|
Dhammaru Bavana
|
1513
|
1529
|
3rd accession
assisted by his wife Burecca
|
|
58
|
Hassan of Shiraz
|
Ran Mani Loka
|
1529
|
1549
|
Son of 51/ 54/ 58 and
Fatuma Dio, a concubine from Shiraz in Persia. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
60
|
Mohamed
|
Singa Bavana
|
1549
|
1551
|
Assassinated by his
brother who succeeded him. Son of Golhavahi Aysha Rani Kilege
and Omar Maafaiy Kilege son of 51/ 54/ 58 and Aysha Rani Kilege
daughter of Korari Kilege. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
61
|
Hassan
(later Manoel)
|
Dhirukusa Loka
|
1550
|
1552
|
Converted to Christianity
and deposed. Full brother of 60. Hilaaly Dynasty.
|
|
|
(Interregnum-
ruled by a Council of Ministers)
|
1552
|
1554
|
|
|
62
|
Aboobakuru
|
Asaalees Loka
|
1554
|
1557
|
Son of Ibrahim Faarhana
Kilege and Sanfa Dio. Prime Minister to 61.
|
|
63
|
Ali
|
Audha Siyaaka Katthiri
|
1557
|
1558
|
Killed in battle. Son
of Prime Minister Abdur Rahman Dorhimeyna Kaloge and Sitti Rani
Kilege. He was married to Princess Aysha Rani Kilege, aunt of
61/ 64/ 65 and daughter of 51/ 54/ 58.
|
|
64
|
Manoel i
|
Dhirikusa Loka (in absentia)
|
1558
|
1573
|
Restored but a Regent
called Andiri Andirin (He was a native of Addu Hittadu and was
also known as Khanuzeedhi Kamanaage Bodu Mohamed, before he became
a Christian) ruled on his behalf. This period was misrepresented
as Portuguese
rule . Manoel remained in Goa
|
|
|
(Interregnum)
|
|
1573
|
1573
|
Ruled by Kateeb Mohamed
Thakurufan of Utheem who assasinated Andiri Andirin by promising
the Maldives to the Ali Raja of Cannanore. Keteeb Mohamed Thakurufan
did not honour this promise. The Ali Raja demanded dominion over
the Maldives, as promised to him by the Kateeb of Uteem.
The nature of the relationship
between Kateeb Mohamed Thakurufan and the Ali Raja of Cannanore
was outlined in a letter sent by a later Ali Raja, Mariambe Ali-Adi
Raja Bibi, to the Sultan Mohamed Mueenuddine I of the Maldives.
The letter was dated Friday 17 Jamada-el-oula Anno Hegirae
1243 (7 December AD 1827). According to the letter Mohamed Thakurufan
had entered into a treaty ceding sovereignty of the Maldives to
the Ali Raja of Cannanore in the event Thakurufan was established
in power in Male. (refer page 294 of Divehi Tarikh).
|
|
65
|
Manoel i
|
Dhirikusa Loka
|
1573
|
1583
|
Kateeb Mohamed Thakurufan concluded a Treaty with King Manoel
in order to ward off the Ali Raja of Cannanore with whose help
the Kateeb siezed power in Male
Under the treaty, Manoel was restored but remained in Goa. The
co-regents were Kateeb Mohamed Thakurufan of Utheem and his brother
Hassan Thakurufan. The kateeb conferred on himself the title of
sultan in 1583 upon Manoel's death. This was in breach of the
Treaty and was not legally binding
|
|
|
Mohamed
Thakurufan, kateeb of Utheem
|
|
|
Legally he was Co-Regent
(with his brother Hassan Thakurufan) and Prime Minister. Son of
Hussain Thakurufan son of Kalhu Ali Thakurufan of Utheem who was
a member of the Hilaaly extended family.
|
|
66
|
Joaoi
|
Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)
|
1583
|
1603
|
Son of 64/ 65. Hilaaly
Dynasty. Remained in Goa. Co-regents were Mohamed Thakurufan and
Hassan Thakurufan
|
|
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